Lahn - Mistakes in recitation
lahn jalii dhaahir - major, obvious errors that everyone can detect. Examples of these errors are replacing one letter for another and one vowel sign for another. Such an error in Surah Fatihah renders ones prayer invalid.
Lahn khafee - hidden error which can be detected only by one skilled in the art of recitation. Examples are errors in the recitation due to mistakes in idghaam, ikhfaa etc.
Tafkheem letters:
http://www.abouttajweed.com/tafkheem-and-tarqeeq/tafkheem-and-tarqeeq-part-1.html
Acceptable ways to end a surah and begin a new surah:
waslul jamee' - linking all - last ayah of last surah, basmalah, first ayah of next surah
qat'ul jamee' - separating the last ayah of last surah, basmalah, first ayah of next surah
waslul basmalah bis-surah - joining the basmalah with the first ayah of the surah
waslul isti'aadhah bil basmalah - joining the isti'aadhah with basmalah and then take a breath, then begin the surah.
When u see a seen (end of first ayah of surah kahf) - stop but don't take a breath.
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